Hakbangin sa pangangatwiran:
1. malaman ang paksang kailangan ng katwiran.
2.malaman ang tamang pagsusuri ng proposisyon.
3.malaman ang tamang paraan ng pangangatwiran.
4.pag-aralan at suriin ang argumento at ebidensya.
*proposisyon- ideya
*argumento- diskusyon
*katibayan- ebidensya para sumuporta sa argumento.
Tatlong Paraan ng Pangangatwiran
1. Paraang lohikal- ginagamit na batayan ang pagkakatulad ng dalawang bagay.
2. Paraang patiyak o induktibo- nangangatwiran na nagsisimula sa maliit na kaisipan hanggang sa malaking kaisipan.
3. Paraang pasaklaw o deduktibo- nangangatwiran na nagsisimula sa malaking kaisipan mula sa maliit na kaisipan.
Proposisyon- ay tinatanggap bilang isang uri ng paninindigang nilalaman ng isang buong pangungusap na ang layunin ay patunayan ito sa pamamagitan ng mga ipinahahayag na argumento.
- nagsasaad ng ideya na posibleng tutulan at pagtalunan.
Mga Uri ng Proposisyon:
1. Pangyayari- sa mga ulat(magsusulat man o hindi), pag-iinterbyu sa mga taong may kinalaman o tuwirang nakasaksi, at sariling pagtuklas at paghatid sa tunay na pangyayari.
2. Kahalagahan- pinaninindigan nito ang kahalagahan o kabuluhan ng isang bagay. paglulunsad ng mga gawaing pambayan.
3. Patakaran- Nagmumugkahi ng kalutasan sa isyung hinaharap. Ginagamit ang "dapat" at pampublikong pagtatalo.
Mga Katangian ng Mahusay na Proposisyon
1. Piliin ang paksang nalalaman ng maraming tao.
2. Ang proposisyon ay dapat walang kinikilingan.
3. Iwasang maging sabog ang argumento.
Pagsusuri ng Proposisyon
1. Itala ang gagamiting argumento.
2. Malinaw ang pinagtatalunan.
Ang Ebidensya
Ang mga ideyang ginagamit sa mga proposisyon.
Mga Uri ng Ebidensya
1. Pangyayari- konkretong ebidensya tulad ng media.
2. Obserbasyon- nasaksihan, napakinggan, naamoy, naramdaman
3. Saksi- mapagkakatiwalaang tao sa nangyari
4. Dalubhasa- nanggaling sa masusing pag-aaral ng mga pangyayari.
Wednesday, November 28, 2007
Saturday, November 3, 2007
Pinagkukunan ng Isinasalaysay
Pinagkukunan ng Isinasalaysay
1. Karanasan-pangyayari sa buhay
2.Pakikinig-sinasabi ng iba
2 uri ng pakikinig
a.pormal-interbyu, lektyur, seminar
b.Impormal-tsismis, napakikinggan
3.Pagbabasa-aklat, pahayagan
1. Karanasan-pangyayari sa buhay
2.Pakikinig-sinasabi ng iba
2 uri ng pakikinig
a.pormal-interbyu, lektyur, seminar
b.Impormal-tsismis, napakikinggan
3.Pagbabasa-aklat, pahayagan
Congruence and Inequality Properties in an Isosceles Triangle
Congruence and Inequality Properties in an Isosceles Triangle
The Isosceles Triangle Theorem
-If two sides of a triangle are congruent, then the angles opposite these sides are congruent
Corollary
-each equilateral triangle is equiangular
-each angle of an equilateral triangle has a measure of 60 degrees.
Converse of Isosceles Triangle Theorem
-If two angles of a triangle are congruent, then the sides opposite these angles are congruent.
Corollary
-every equiangular triangle is equilateral.
Side Angle Inequality Theorem
-If one side of a triangle is longer than the second side, then the measure of the angle opposite the longer side is greater than that of the measure of the angle opposite the shorter side.
Angle Side Inequality Theorem
-If one side of a triangle is larger than another angle, then the side opposite the larger angle is longer than the side opposite to the smaller angle.
The Hinge Theorem
-If two sides of one triangle are congruent to two sides of a second triangle and the included angle of the first triangle has a greater measure than the included angle of the second triangle, then the third side of the first triangle is longer than the third side of the second triangle.
The Converse of The Hinge Theorem
-If two sides of one triangle are congruent to two sides of a second triangle, and the third side of the first triangle is longer than the third side of the second triangle, then the included angle of the first triangle is longer than the included angle of the second triangle.
The Isosceles Triangle Theorem
-If two sides of a triangle are congruent, then the angles opposite these sides are congruent
Corollary
-each equilateral triangle is equiangular
-each angle of an equilateral triangle has a measure of 60 degrees.
Converse of Isosceles Triangle Theorem
-If two angles of a triangle are congruent, then the sides opposite these angles are congruent.
Corollary
-every equiangular triangle is equilateral.
Side Angle Inequality Theorem
-If one side of a triangle is longer than the second side, then the measure of the angle opposite the longer side is greater than that of the measure of the angle opposite the shorter side.
Angle Side Inequality Theorem
-If one side of a triangle is larger than another angle, then the side opposite the larger angle is longer than the side opposite to the smaller angle.
The Hinge Theorem
-If two sides of one triangle are congruent to two sides of a second triangle and the included angle of the first triangle has a greater measure than the included angle of the second triangle, then the third side of the first triangle is longer than the third side of the second triangle.
The Converse of The Hinge Theorem
-If two sides of one triangle are congruent to two sides of a second triangle, and the third side of the first triangle is longer than the third side of the second triangle, then the included angle of the first triangle is longer than the included angle of the second triangle.
Nuclear Chemistry
Nuclear Chemistry
-found on the effects of nuclear energy and radioactivity on humans and the environment.
Chemical Reaction
The process by which there is a change in properties of the substances involved in the reaction, thus, producing new substances with new properties and composition.
Reactants--------à Products
Nuclear Reaction
Certain unstable isotopes called radioisotopes gain stability by making changes within the nuclei. These changes are accompanied by the emission of large amounts of radiation energy.
1. H is not affected by changes in temperature and pressure, or in the presence of catalyst.
2. It is unaffected by the compound an element is in.
3. It cannot be slowed down, speeded up or turned off.
Parent Daughter Alpha
Nucleus>nucleus>particle
Radioactivity
Refers to the property of uncertain unstable nuclides spontaneously emitting radiation in order to form more stable species.
The penetrating rays emitted by a radioactive element.
-found on the effects of nuclear energy and radioactivity on humans and the environment.
Chemical Reaction
The process by which there is a change in properties of the substances involved in the reaction, thus, producing new substances with new properties and composition.
Reactants--------à Products
Nuclear Reaction
Certain unstable isotopes called radioisotopes gain stability by making changes within the nuclei. These changes are accompanied by the emission of large amounts of radiation energy.
1. H is not affected by changes in temperature and pressure, or in the presence of catalyst.
2. It is unaffected by the compound an element is in.
3. It cannot be slowed down, speeded up or turned off.
Parent Daughter Alpha
Nucleus>nucleus>particle
Radioactivity
Refers to the property of uncertain unstable nuclides spontaneously emitting radiation in order to form more stable species.
The penetrating rays emitted by a radioactive element.
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